1How To Improve The Thermal Shock Resistance Of Refractory Materials News

Refractory materials have various applications in many industries such as cement, iron and steel, non-ferrous, ceramic, glass and power generation. The thermal shock resistance of refractory materials is of particular importance in a variety of applications for the reliability and service life.

Most high-temperature processes experience rapid uneven heating and cooling. Thermal shock is the direct result of exposing the surface of refractory installations to rapid heating and cooling conditions which cause temperature gradients within the refractory blocks. Such gradients, in the case of rapid uneven cooling or heating, may cause failure of the material.

Refractory materials are vulnerable to thermal shock, in part because they always have a low thermal conductivity and also because they do not have high tensile strength. Another reason is that the refractory materials usually represent brittle porous ceramic bodies characterized by a high modulus of elasticity. As a consequence, rapid changes in temperature can promote structural damage of refractory materials.

There are several ways to improve the thermal shock resistance of refractory materials.

1) Reduce the thermal gradient by changing its temperature more slowly. This is always the first and best line of defense against thermal shock.

2) Increase the material's thermal conductivity. Materials that conduct heat well are less likely to thermal shock because, by transferring the heat quickly throughout the material, they increase the likelihood that the material will expand or contract evenly.

3) Reduce the refractory material's coefficient of thermal expansion. Materials that expand and contract quickly due to temperature change are more likely to thermal shock than materials with low expansion rates.

4) Increase its tensile strength.

5) Increase its porosity and decrease its pore size which can decrease greatly thermal shock damage. The lower the porosity is, the larger the extent of damage. This should be considered in the micro structural design of refractory.

6) Consider built-in micro cracks of defects for the structure design of refractory materials. This kind of refractory structure shows better thermal shock resistance than with rigid systems. In some refractories, the bonding system possesses micro-structural defects or cracks that provide better thermal shock resistance.

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How To Improve The Thermal Shock Resistance Of Refractory Materials

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