The Use of Refractory Materials in the Ladle

A ladle is a vessel used to transport and pour out molten metals. With the development of steelmaking, the requirement for refractory materials in the ladle is higher and higher. 
The Use of Refractory Materials in the Ladle
There are many factors for the damage of the ladle lining. In different parts, the factors can be different and the damage is different. In the slag line of the ladle, the corrosion of high temperature slags is more serious than that of the molten steel. 
 
Fire clay brick and high alumina brick are generally used in the ladles. Although the service life of fire clay brick is short, its low price helps it find a wide application. In order to solve the corrosion problems in the ladles, tar combined dolomite brick, magnesia brick, magnesia carbon brick, alumina magnesia brick and zircon brick are used. Among them, magnesia carbon brick works best. 
 
The ladle lining consists of the insulation layer, the permanent layer and the working layer. The insulation layer generally is 20-40mm thick, built with asbestos board, lightweight fire clay insulation brick and ceramic fiber materials. It is used to maintain the temperature of molten steel and avoid deformation of the shell at high temperature.
 
The permanent layer is also called non-working layer or security layers. It is used to avoid perforation at the weak points. It is built with fire clay brick with a thickness of 30-65mm. 
 
The working layer is 115-230mm thick. Since it is in direct contact with the molten steel and slags, it is subjected to high temperature, chemical corrosion and mechanical erosion. Zircon brick and magnesia carbon brick are usually used in the slag line of the working layer. Tar combined dolomite brick, magnesia brick and semi zircon brick are also used here, but they work not as well as zircon brick and magnesia carbon brick. Zircon brick has great corrosion resistance, and can significantly improve the service life of the ladle, especially when used in the slag line. 
 
Magnesia brick not only has great corrosion resistance, but also is difficult to dross. It can effectively improve the service life of the ladle. In order to shorten the construction time and reduce the consumption of refractory materials, alumina magnesia brick is promoted in the ladle. 
 
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